- the battery is discharged.
- the electrical circuit between the ignition switch, traction relay, battery and starter is broken.
- faulty traction relay.
To check the condition of the battery, turn on the headlights. If the headlights dim after a few seconds of operation, this indicates that the battery is low. If the headlights are bright, turn on the ignition and start the starter. If the headlights dim when the starter is started, this indicates that voltage is being applied to the starter and damage must be looked for in it. If the headlights remain bright when the starter is turned on and there is no click from the starter, this indicates that there is a fault in the starter power supply circuit. If the starter turns slowly, but the battery is in good condition, this indicates a malfunction of the starter or the presence of high resistance in the starter power circuit.
If the starter power circuit is faulty, disconnect the wires from the starter, traction relay and ground bus from the engine. Completely clean all contacts and reconnect wires. Connect a voltmeter to the starter terminals and check that it is receiving full battery voltage.
If the battery and electrical circuits are in good condition, remove the connector from the contact of the traction relay, connect a voltmeter to it and check that voltage is applied to it when the starter is turned on.
The contacts of the traction relay can be checked by connecting a voltmeter between the positive contact of the starter motor and "earth". When the ignition is turned on, the voltmeter should show full voltage. If there is no voltage, then the contacts of the traction relay are faulty.
If the electrical circuit and the traction relay are working, then the starter motor is faulty.
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