General information

The ignition system ensures that the fuel-air mixture in each cylinder is ignited at the right time. The ignition system consists of spark plugs. ignition coils, distributor and connecting wires. General system management is one of the functions of the engine control module. Consumers are connected to a positive power source by a wire, and to a negative one - through the car body (mass). This method reduces the number of wires and simplifies installation. Cars are fitted with low-maintenance or maintenance-free batteries. The battery is charged by a generator which is driven by a belt from the crankshaft pulley.

The starter is a mixed-excitation DC motor with an electromagnetic traction relay. When starting, the traction relay moves the pinion gear into engagement with the flywheel ring gear before the starter is powered by the battery. After starting the engine, the freewheel disengages the starter armature from the flywheel ring gear.

Precautions

When working on the electrical system, care must be taken not to damage the semiconductor device (diodes and transistors). When working on an electrical system, the following requirements must be met:

• while the engine is running, do not disconnect the battery, alternator, or any electrical connectors.
• Remove the negative terminal from the battery before carrying out any work.
• When carrying out electric welding work on a vehicle, turn off the alternator and control device.

Disconnecting the battery

There are several consumers in the car that cannot be switched off. the information they contain can be erased (clock, ECU memory). When disconnecting the battery, the following requirements must be met:

• on vehicles with central locking, remove the key from the ignition and keep it with you. when the battery is connected, the central locking can lock the car.
• on vehicles with an ECU engine management system, the information stored in the memory will be erased. This information includes idling, under load, and previously detected damage to the system. Each time the battery is disconnected, the ECU must be reprogrammed by starting the engine and warming it up to operating temperature. Then increase the speed to 1200 rpm and hold it for 2 minutes. Next, make a trip in different modes of motion for about 10 km.