Connecting the negative battery terminal to «weight»
Consumers are connected with a positive power source by wires, with a negative one - through the car body («mass»). The current supply to the consumer of electricity in the car occurs through a wire, which in one way or another, directly or through a more complex circuit, is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, as shown in the electrical diagrams. Reverse current supply is provided by electrically conductive metal parts of the body or engine («weight»). This method reduces the number of wires and simplifies installation. However, in many cases, short wires are still used for the return current, namely when the consumer is not located directly on the metal part of the body or engine.
If the consumer of electricity does not work, the reason for this is often not a wire break, but its unreliable connection with «weight». The user can connect with «weight» on detours, which leads to disorder in the operation of electrical equipment. For example, you turn on the turn signal, and at the same time, the tail light lamp lights up in time with the turn signal.
Orientation in electrical circuits
To avoid confusion in the multi-colored wires of the electrical equipment of the car, many individual devices and assemblies are standardized. The numbers on various structural elements and connectors, as well as on the electrical diagrams of most car models, have the same meaning. And when choosing the color of the wires, Ford used the most commonly used colors.
Standard pin designation
Contact «15».
It is powered by a switch (castle) ignition only when the ignition is on, and in addition to the ignition coil, voltage is supplied to the consumer, which is supplied with current only when the engine is running. Wires connected to the contact «15», in the Fiesta car, most often they have black insulation and sometimes additional strips of various colors.
Contact «30».
It is constantly energized from the positive terminal of the battery or when the engine is running from the generator. In the event of careless handling of tools, connecting this terminal to «weight» may cause a short circuit if the cable is not disconnected from the negative battery terminal. These wires, which are constantly energized, are more often colored red in the Fiesta, sometimes with additional stripes of different colors.
Contact «49».
From this contact, voltage is supplied to the direction indicators and emergency lighting.
Contact «53».
From it, voltage is supplied to the windshield washers. Green wire insulation, sometimes with additional stripes (e.g. yellow).
Contact «56».
From this contact, voltage is supplied to the dipped beam headlights (yellow insulation with black stripes) and high beam headlights (white insulation with black stripes).
Contact «58».
It supplies power to the front and rear marker lights and the license plate light. The main color of the wire insulation is gray, sometimes with additional stripes of various colors.
Contact «31».
This is a terminal «masses», with which each consumer of electricity must be connected in order for the electrical circuit to be closed. Corresponding wires are brown.
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