Diagnostics and checks of the instrument panel

General Equipment: Worldwide Diagnostic System (WDS).

Work principles

This instrument cluster is referred to as the hybrid electronic instrument cluster (HEC), because it combines smart and fixed electrical signals. The instrument panel has a built-in self-test function and a communication channel using a standard corporate protocol (SCP), towards the powertrain control module (PCM). This allows the instrument panel and PCM to communicate with each other. The instrument panel consists of pointers, control and warning lamps.

With the ignition on and the engine off, the instrument panel performs a visual check to confirm that the warning/warning lamps and monitored systems are functioning properly. During this visual check, the following warning lamps come on:

• A control lamp of antiblocking system of brakes (ABS) (in the presence of)
• Airbag warning lamp
• Passenger airbag deactivation switch indicator lamp
• Charging system control lamp.
• Brake warning lamp
• Low fuel warning lamp (in the presence of)
• Low oil pressure warning light
• Control lamp of malfunction of systems of decrease in toxicity of an exhaust (MIL)
• Control lamp of check of the power unit
• Traction control indicator lamp (in the presence of)
• Overdrive indicator lamp (in the presence of)
• Upshift warning lamp (in the presence of)
• Control lamp for glow plugs (in the presence of)

Hybrid Electronic Instrument Gauges (HEC)

Engine temperature gauge

The PCM receives cylinder head temperature information from the engine coolant temperature sensor (EATING) or from cylinder head temperature sensor (SNT). The instrument panel receives information about the temperature of the engine, which is then used by the sensor, from the PCM. If the engine coolant temperature signal is missing or incorrect, the instrument panel moves the temperature gauge needle below the «Cold».

Fuel gauge

The instrument panel receives information about the fuel level from the fuel gauge sensor (fuel pump module element). This is a variable resistor that changes the pointer ground. When the fuel level is low, the resistance is low; when the fuel level is high, the resistance is high. The instrument panel has a low fuel warning light that illuminates when the fuel level drops to a predetermined value. If an incorrect input signal is received, the default fuel gauge moves below the position «empty tank», and the low fuel warning light comes on. The fuel level input is heavily damped to compensate for movement of fuel in the fuel tank when the ignition key is ON. When the ignition is switched off, the needle of the fuel gauge moves to zero. The fuel pump module wiring in vehicles with an adaptive fuel system is equipped with an adaptive fuel module that converts direct current to alternating current. Conversion is necessary to prevent electrodeposition (galvanization) on the fuel sensor card built into the fuel pump module when using ethanol based fuel.

Speedometer

The PCM receives vehicle speed information from the vehicle speed sensor (VSS). The PCM corrects for tire size and sends vehicle speed information to the instrument cluster. This information is then displayed in km/h or miles per hour on the instrument. If this information is missing, the instrument cluster defaults to zeroing the speedometer.

Odometer

The PCM receives information about the distance traveled from the VSS sensor. The PCM corrects for the tire size and sends the mileage information to the instrument cluster, which displays this information electronically on the LCD. If this information is not received, dashes are displayed on the LCD. This LCD also has a trip odometer that can be reset using the reset button.

Tachometer

The instrument panel receives information for the tachometer from the PCM. If the engine speed information (RPM), sent to the instrument panel is incorrect or missing, the instrument panel defaults to zeroing the tachometer.

Pilot lamps

Airbag warning lamps

The airbag warning lamps are controlled by the airbag module. See Section 501-20A / 501-20B for more information.

ABS warning lamp

A control lamp of antiblocking system of brakes (ABS) on the instrument panel connects directly to the ABS module. If there is an open circuit, a short to battery voltage, or a fault in the ABS system, the ABS warning lamp will illuminate. See Section 206-09A / 206-09B / 206-09C for more information. The control lamp needs to be activated, see Sec. «Instrument panel configuration».

Brake warning lamp

The brake warning light has several functions. The brake system warning light performs a system self test when the ignition switch is in the RUN position by grounding the circuit. The control lamp lights up at a low level of a brake liquid or the applied parking brake. If the ABS warning lamp and the brake system warning lamp come on at the same time, this indicates an EBD malfunction. See Section 206-09A / 206-09B / 206-09C for more information.

Charging system warning lamp

The PCM controls the charging system and the charging system warning light. Therefore, the PCM controls the lamp to turn off after the system starts and the lamp to turn on when a fault occurs (including muted states). See Section 414-00 for more information.

High beam warning lamp

The high beam indicator lamp is directly connected to the multifunction switch.

Control lamps of the left and right indexes of turn

The indicator lamps for the left and right direction indicators are directly connected to the multifunction switch.

Control lamp of malfunction of systems of decrease in toxicity of an exhaust (MIL)

Control lamp of malfunction of systems of decrease in toxicity of an exhaust (MIL) Illuminates when a DTC is stored in the PCM (DTC), related to emission control systems. This warning lamp can only be turned off using WDS after the fault has been corrected and the DTC has been cleared from the PCM.

Control lamp of check of the power unit

The Powertrain Check Warning Lamp illuminates when a DTC that is not related to emission control systems is logged in the PCM. This indicator lamp also comes on if the PCM activates the fail-safe cooling strategy. See Section 303-03 for more information.

Traction control indicator lamp (TC)

Traction control indicator lamp (TC) controls the ABS/TC module. The TC indicator lamp comes on when the TC system is active. The traction control warning light can be turned off by pressing the TC OFF button. See Section 206-09A / 206-09B / 206-09C for more information.

Low oil pressure warning light

The low oil pressure warning light is hardwired to the low engine oil pressure switch. The low oil pressure warning lamp comes on in position II of the ignition switch. After the engine starts and the oil pressure rises, the oil pressure switch opens and turns off the oil pressure warning light.

Low fuel warning lamp

The control lamp needs to be activated, see Sec. «Instrument panel configuration».

Control lamp of loose closing of doors

The control lamp for loose door closing is controlled by the central security module (CSM) and interior door, tailgate or tailgate switches. During operation, the system establishes a connection with «weight», which causes the warning light to come on if the passenger compartment door or tailgate is open or not fully closed.

Locking the opening of the rear door of the luggage compartment

The instrument cluster uses the vehicle speed information from the PCM to provide a tailgate lockout signal to the central security module (CSM). The tailgate opening is only unlocked in ignition position 0.

Standard corporate protocol

Standard corporate protocol (SCP) is an electronic communication channel that allows the instrument panel to communicate with the PCM module, thereby creating a communication gateway for the FDS 2000, providing access to the instrument panel control systems. This enhances the diagnostic capabilities of WDS.

Instrument panel configuration

NOTE: All new instrument clusters will have all indicator lamps lit prior to being configured using WDS.

The instrument panel is a programmable module that must be configured by selecting the option «Programmable Module Installer» in the WDS system.

Trip computer

This computer is installed in the information and message center. See Section 413-08 for more information. The trip computer is able to provide the driver with information such as:

• Route information
• Outdoor temperature
• average speed
• Remaining distance to refuel
• Average fuel consumption

Inspection and verification

1. Check the validity of the customer's complaint by activating the system.

2. Perform a visual check for obvious signs of mechanical and electrical damage.

Visual Inspection Table

Mechanical factors	Electrical Factors
– Damaged oil filter – Low engine oil level. – Engine temperature gauge – Fuel gauge – Engine coolant level – Damaged coolant thermostat – Alignment of the position of the doors	- Fuse (And) – Fuse F30 (7.5A) in the central electrical box (CJB) – Fuse F34 (7.5 A) CJB - Electrical circuit - Light-emitting diode (s) – Damaged miniature lamp (s) – Wiring – Loose or corroded connector (s) – Damaged instrument panel – Adaptive fuel module - vehicles with adaptive fuel system

3. If there is an obvious cause for the identified or described complaint, resolve it before proceeding to the next steps (if possible).

4. Check the correct operation of the following systems by operating the systems.

• Charging system.
• Fuel system.
• Cooling system.
• Acoustic warning signal of seat belts.
• Direction indicators.
• Headlights.

5. If the problem persists after inspection, enter the Self-Diagnostic Mode.

Self-diagnosis mode

1. To enter the instrument panel self-diagnosis mode, simultaneously press and hold the trip computer reset button and turn the ignition switch to position II or III.

2. Release the trip computer reset button when TEST appears on the LCD. This will take 5 to 8 seconds.

3. The instrument panel will enter the pointer sweep test mode.

4. Press the ZERO button to proceed to subsequent self-diagnostic tests. This will move on to the next test.

5. The self test is deactivated when the ignition is turned to the OFF position.

6. If you cannot access the self-diagnosis mode, use WDS to diagnose PCM and SCP.

NOTE: After performing the following checks, additional checks are available, but these checks are not effective for diagnostic purposes.

Self-diagnosis mode

Check	Syntax to display	Test pointer/indicator/display	Description
1. Pointer sweep	GAGE	Tachometer, speedometer, temperature and fuel gauges.	All pointers are tested for smooth movement of the arrow to the extreme upper and lower positions, which takes approximately 5 seconds.
2. Complete filling of the liquid crystal display	8888	Liquid crystal display built into the speedometer	Filling the registers of the liquid crystal display, allowing you to check the correct functioning of the display.
3. Indicator lamps	Bulb.	Instrument panel includes warning and indicator lamps	Turn on all indicator lamps controlled by the instrument panel.
4. ROM version	rXXX	Instrument cluster read-only memory (ROM)	Shows the instrument panel ROM version.
5. NVM version	EXXX	Non-volatile instrument panel memory (NVM)	Shows the NVM version of the instrument panel.
6. DTC	XXXX or NONE	Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC)	To call up a list of stored DTCs, press the RESET button. REFER to Diagnostic Trouble Code List (DTC) instrument panel. If there are multiple DTCs, the codes will scroll.
7. Travel speed, miles per hour	XXX.X	Speedometer	Shows input speed signal in miles per hour.
8. Speed, km/h	XXX.X	Speedometer	Shows input speed signal in km/h.
9. Engine crankshaft speed	XXXX	Tachometer	Shows tachometer input (RPM).
10. Fuel volume	FXXX	Fuel gauge system	Shows fuel volume input signal.
11. Engine coolant temperature	XXXC	Engine coolant temperature	Displays the engine coolant temperature input signal.
12. Battery voltage	bXXX	Battery voltage (t)	Shows the battery voltage input signal.
13. ABS system malfunction	Ab-[H/L]	ABS system.	Shows the ABS coarse input on the instrument panel. (H = recharge or battery, L = ground).
14. Malfunction of the electronic brake force distribution system (EBD)	Eb-[H/L]	EBD system.	Shows coarse EBD input on instrument panel. (H = recharge or battery, L = ground).
15. Backlight.	IL-[H/L]	Illumination of the instrument panel and instrument panel.	Shows the backlight of the instrument panel and instrument panel. (H = on, L = off).
16. Starting status	Cr-[H/L]	Starting status of instrument panel and instrument panel.	Shows the startup status of the instrument panel and instrument panel. (H = Ignition, L = Ground or Recharge).

7. If the complaint persists after exiting the Self-Diagnostic Mode, refer to the Symptom Table.

Symptom table

State	Possible Causes	Action
• Incorrect readings of the fuel gauge	•Electrical circuit. • Fuel pump module. •Dashboard. •Adaptive fuel module - vehicles with an adaptive fuel system.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST A
•Speedometer not working	•Electrical circuit. • Vehicle speed sensor • RSM •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST B
• Incorrect readings of the temperature gauge	•Electrical circuit. • Cylinder head temperature sensor (CHT) or engine coolant temperature sensor (ECT). •PCM. •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST C
• Tachometer does not work	•Electrical circuit. •PCM. •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST D
•The headlight high beam indicator does not work	• Control lamp high beam headlights. •Electrical circuit. •Switch. •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST E
• The control lamp of loose closing of doors does not work/constantly burns	•Electrical circuit. •Switch door saloon/rear door luggage compartment. • Bulb of a control lamp of loose closing of doors. •Center for information and messages. •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST F
•Oil pressure warning light does not work	•Electrical circuit. • Bulb of a control lamp of pressure of oil •Oil pressure switch •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST G
• The oil pressure warning lamp is constantly on	•Electrical circuit. •Low engine oil level. • Engine oil pressure. •Dashboard.	•If pressure and oil level are correct, REPAIR short to ground in circuit 31S-GC20 (black-orange). Check the correct operation of the system.
• The seat belt warning light does not work (horn works).	• The switch of the lock of a seat belt. •Electrical circuit. • A bulb of a control lamp of seat belts. • Central timer module (CTM). •Dashboard.	• REFER to WDS.
• The seat belt warning lamp is constantly on (horn works).	• The switch of the lock of a seat belt. •Electrical circuit. •Module of the central timer. • A bulb of a control lamp of seat belts. •Dashboard.	• REFER to WDS.
• The control lamp of system of brakes does not work.	•Low brake fluid level. • Low brake fluid switch. •Electrical circuit. • Parking brake switch. •ABS module (in the presence of).	• Go to PINPOINT TEST H
•The low fuel warning light does not work	•Electrical circuit. • Bulb of a control lamp of low level of fuel. •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST I
•The control lamp of low level of fuel constantly burns	•Low fuel level. •Electrical circuit. •Adaptive fuel module - vehicles with an adaptive fuel system. • Fuel pump module •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST A
• The control lamp of indexes of turn does not work.	•Electrical circuit. •Bulb (And) turn signal indicator lamp. •Multifunction switch •Central electrical junction box (CJB). •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST J
• The indicator lamp of the charging system does not work	•Electrical circuit. •Generator. •Control lamp of the charging system. •PCM •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST K
• The indicator lamp of the charging system is constantly on.	•Accessory drive belt. • Charging system •Electrical circuit.	• REFER to WDS.
• A control lamp of malfunction of systems of decrease in toxicity of an exhaust (MIL) does not work / stays on	•MIL indicator light. •PCM. •Dashboard. •Electrical circuit.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST L
• Control lamp of anti-lock braking system (ABS) does not work	• Control lamp ABS. •Dashboard. • ABS control module. •Electrical circuit.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST M
• The airbag warning light is constantly on	•Dashboard. • Airbag diagnostic monitor. •Electrical circuit.	• REFER to WDS.
• Auxiliary channel input error	•Fuse (And). •Electrical circuit. •Dashboard.	• Go to PINPOINT TEST N

Diagnostics using Ford WDS diagnostic system equipment

1. To enter the Ford WDS diagnostic system test mode, connect the WDS to the data link connector (DLC), located under the instrument panel and select the vehicle to be checked from the WDS menu.

2. If the retrieved DTCs are related to the malfunction, go to the Diagnostic Trouble Code List (DTC) instrument panel.

3. If there are no DTCs related to the complaint, go to the Symptom Table to continue diagnosis.

List of diagnostic trouble codes (DTC) instrument panel

Self-Diagnostic Mode DTCs Displayed	DTC	Name	Reason	Actions
9202	B1202	Break in the electrical circuit of the fuel pump module	Dashboard	Go to PINPOINT TEST A
9204	B1204	Short to ground in fuel pump module electrical circuit	Dashboard	Go to PINPOINT TEST A
9342	B1342	PCM failure	Dashboard	REFER to WDS.
9317	B1317	High battery voltage (more than 16 V)	Dashboard	REFER to WDS.
9318	B1318	Low battery voltage (less than 10 V)	Dashboard	REFER to WDS.
9359	B1359	Run/ACC Ignition Circuit Malfunction (Work / accessories)	Dashboard	REFER to WDS.
A143	B2143	NVM memory error	Dashboard	REFER to WDS.
A477	B2477	Module configuration error	Dashboard	REFER to WDS.
D041	U1041	Incorrect vehicle speed data	Dashboard	Go to PINPOINT TEST B
D027	U1027	Incorrect engine speed data (RPM)	Dashboard	Go to PINPOINT TEST D
D073	U1073	Incorrect engine coolant data	Dashboard	Go to PINPOINT TEST E
D262	U1262	No speed, tach, engine temperature, or odometer readings	Dashboard	REFER to WDS.
D123	U1123	Wrong data for odometer	Dashboard	REFER to WDS.

Instrument data logger signal list

Data logger signal	Name	Expected value.
DTC.CNT	Number of continuous DTCs in memory	0-255
CLOCK	Watch	Off/Off
ECT.STAT	Engine coolant level OK	Normal, low
DRV_AJAR	Driver's door not closed	OPEN, CLOSED
T_AJAR	Rear Tailgate/Trunk Lid Not Closed	OPEN, CLOSED
ES	Switch mode	On/Off
CHT-C	cylinder head temperature	Degrees C
ENG_MET	Imperial/metric switch, driver identification switch	On/Off
EXTTEMP	Outside temperature sensor	Degrees C
FUEL	Fuel level input status	0%-100%
IGNSW	Ignition switch status	RUN, START, UNKNOWN
LIGHT	Night Day	NO YES
TD	Vehicle odometer	Vehicle odometer reading
PF_AJAR	Passenger door not closed	OPEN, CLOSED
RES_SW	reset switch	On/Off
ENGRPM	Engine speed (RPM)	0-8000 rpm
SEL_MODE	Mode switch	On/Off
OCS	Gearbox control button	Enabled/Disabled
VBATT	Vehicle battery voltage	0-16V
VS	Vehicle speed	0-150 mph
WASH_LEV	Windshield washer fluid level	LOW, NORMAL