General information about the brake system

The brake system consists of two circuits, each of which includes two brakes located diagonally. Ventilated disc brakes at the front and disc or drum brakes at the rear (depending on the model). The front brake has a floating caliper and single piston, and the brake pads are asbestos-free. The rear drum brake has a driving and driven shoe. When the brakes are applied, they self-adjust. Rear brake pads have different thicknesses because one wears more than the other.

Pressure relief valves are installed on the rear brakes to prevent blocking during hard braking. These valves are sometimes referred to as pressure limiting valves. On models not equipped with ABS, they are installed in the master cylinder - in the holes for the rear brakes. On models equipped with ABS, they are installed on the ABS assembly.

On models equipped with rear disc brakes, the rear brake caliper is located on the rear axle support, at the front (sedan and hatchback models) or on rear axle support, rear (station wagon models).

The hand brake has a cable drive to the rear brakes. On models with rear drum brakes, the cables act on the levers of the driven brake pads, and on models with rear disc brakes, they act on the levers located on the calipers. The handbrake lever contains an automatic adjuster that takes up the slack in the cable when the lever is released. The handbrake cannot be adjusted.

Anti-lock braking system (if available) four-channel, low pressure. It functions on the basis of a conventional brake system, as well as an ABS hydraulic modulator connected to the master cylinder and brake lines. The hydraulic modulator contains a hydraulic actuator, an ABS charge pump, an ABS module with a built-in relay box and two pressure limiting valves. The solenoid valve of the hydraulic actuator is installed in the line of each brake. If the system detects that one of the wheels is close to locking when the vehicle speed exceeds 5 km/h, the valve opens, depressurizing the corresponding brake line until the wheel begins to rotate at the speed corresponding to the vehicle speed. This process can occur at a frequency of several cycles per second. An ABS malfunction does not affect the normal braking system. ABS diagnostics require special equipment and therefore should not be performed by dealers. The diagnostic connectors are installed on the side of the left front suspension strut support.

A traction control system is available as an option on some models. It operates on the basis of the ABS system. as well as an additional pump and valves installed in the hydraulic executive unit. If the system detects that the speed of rotation of one of the wheels is increasing (at vehicle speed below 50 km/h), one of the valves is opened to pressurize the pump into the corresponding brake until the wheel slows down to a speed corresponding to the speed of the vehicle. As a result, the torque is transmitted to the wheel at its maximum adhesion to the road. At the same time, the throttle valve is slightly closed to reduce the torque generated by the engine. At speeds above 50 km / h, the system works only by changing the throttle position.

Note: When servicing the system, be careful to maintain cleanliness, especially when repairing hydraulic system components. Always replace components in pairs on each axle. Use only Ford parts.