Rated voltage - 12 V. The actual voltage depends on the degree of discharge of the battery, it can be more or less than the nominal value.
The nominal capacity determines the storage capacity of the battery, it is the capacity of a fully charged battery at a temperature of 27°C for 20 hours, while the voltage does not fall below 10.5 V (e.g.: the parking light of a car consumes 25 W, with an on-board network voltage of 12 V, the battery generates a current of 2.08 A, with a 40 Ah battery, the car can be parked with the parking light on for 25 hours).
Capacity - the current consumption enclosed in the battery (Ah) depends primarily on the discharge current, temperature, degree of discharge and technical condition (aging) batteries;
Cold Discharge Control Current (cold crank current) determines the ability to start the battery in cold weather. This is the current that a battery with a nominal voltage of 12 V can produce at a temperature of -18°C, while the voltage does not fall below 9 V for 30 seconds, and within 150 seconds - respectively, below 6 V.
Self-discharge. The chemical processes that take place inside the battery cause it to discharge. Even if no current consumer is connected, a charged battery loses about 0.5% of its charge daily, high temperatures, damage and contamination of the battery cover also accelerate the discharge process.
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