Exhaust turbocharger

The Ford Mondeo diesel engine is equipped with a turbocharger. Two separate turbocharger housings house two turbine wheels which are driven by the exhaust gases. These gases cause the turbocharger shaft to rotate at speeds up to 120,000 rpm. And since the rotors for exhaust gases and fresh air are located on the same shaft, fresh air is supplied to the cylinder at the same speed.

The charge air cooler is located in the intake manifold and cools and compresses the heated air from the turbocharger.

Based on a good degree of filling, it is possible to increase the power in existing engines up to 100%. The increase in power depends on the boost pressure, which in passenger car engines is 0.4-0.9 bar (tire pressure approx. 1.8 bar). If the boost pressure exceeds the value set by the manufacturer, then the valve on the turbocharger opens and the pressure is released.

Along with an increase in engine power, in the case of using an exhaust gas turbocharger, torque is also increased, which is desirable from the point of view of smooth operation of the engine. A necessary prerequisite is that the turbocharger shaft must rotate at a sufficient number of revolutions, which guarantees a good degree of filling. Usually. the engine must be over 2500 rpm in order to generate appreciable boost pressure.

The turbocharger is an extremely precise device and should be repaired by a specialist. In principle, a defective turbocharger is best replaced. The exhaust turbocharger is supplied with oil from the engine oil circuit. To ensure sufficient lubrication of the turbocharger, the following points must be observed:

• Only prescribed grades of engine oil may be used.
• Engine oil that is too old can damage the turbocharger. Therefore, both the oil filter and the oil should be changed strictly in accordance with the maintenance instructions.
• Due to the fact that even the smallest particles of dirt can damage the turbocharger, never run the engine without an air filter.