Battery
A 12 V battery with a capacity of 50 or 60 Ah is used. The negative pole of the battery is connected to the vehicle ground. Output current in starter mode at -18°C: 270 or 360 A.
Generator
A three-phase generator with a built-in electronic regulator is used. The rotor has an excitation winding with two contact rings. The magnetic field in the generator is created by the current in the excitation winding, which flows through graphite brushes and slip rings. The position of the magnetic field relative to the stator winding constantly changes as the rotor rotates, resulting in an alternating voltage in the stator winding. Diodes convert alternating current to direct current, and the voltage regulator keeps the voltage constant, regardless of the generator speed.
| Brand | Bosch, Lucas or Motorola |
| Rated voltage | 14 V |
| Maximum current | 55, 70 or 90 A |
Bosch generators
| Type | N1-31/70 A | K1-23/55 A | N1-34/90 A |
| Maximum current (A) at 13.5 V | 70 | 55 | 90 |
| winding resistance (at 20°C): | |||
| – rotor (Ohm) | 2,9 – 3,19 | 3,4 – 4,74 | 3,40 – 3,74 |
| - stator (Ohm) | 0,1 – 0,11 | 0,07 – 0,077 | 0,10 – 0,11 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 5 | ||
| Adjustable voltage (IN) | 13,7 – 14,6 | ||
Lucas Generator
| Type | A1-33/55 A |
| Maximum current (A) at 13.5 V | 55 |
| winding resistance (at 20°C): | |
| – rotor (Ohm) | 3,0 – 3,4 |
| - stator (Ohm) | 0,20 – 0,25 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 5 |
| Adjustable voltage (IN) | 13,7 – 14,6 |
Motorola Generator
| Type | SD 55 |
| Current strength (A) at 6000 rpm | 55 |
| Maximum sustained RPM (rpm) | 15 000 |
| Stator winding resistance (Ohm) | 0,24 ± 0,012 |
| Rotor winding resistance (Ohm) | 4 ± 0,2 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 4 |
| Adjustable voltage (IN) | 13,7 – 14,6 |
V-belt
| Brand | Motorcraft 1820 LEL 2780 |
| Tension (tested on a cold belt with a special device): | |
| - new belt | |
| • single | 400 - 500 N |
| • double | 440 - 620 N |
| - used belt (after at least 10 minutes of work): | |
| • single | 300 - 400 N |
| • double | 300 - 400 N |
| Deflection | 10 mm when pressed with the thumb in the middle of the larger section of the belt |
Starter
Brand: Bosch, Lucas, Cajavec or Nippondenso.
The starter is a powerful electric motor capable of spinning the crankshaft of a car engine up to 300 rpm, which is enough to start it. The starter consists of a housing with windings (stator), anchors with a freewheel, a collector with brush holders and a traction relay. When voltage is applied to the starter, current flows from the battery through the traction relay winding and the relay armature is drawn in, closing the relay contacts and applying voltage to the starter motor. At the same time, the relay armature moves the overrunning clutch with the drive gear through the lever. The overrunning clutch hub, turning on the screw splines of the starter armature shaft, also turns the gear, which facilitates its engagement with the flywheel crown.
Bosch starters
| Type | EF (R) 12V 0.85 kW | EF 0.95 kW | GF (R) 12V 1,1 PS | DW 1.4 kW |
| catalog no | 0 001 211 228 | 0 001 208 706 | 0 001 311 149 | 0 001 108 037 |
| Idle check | 55 A at 11.5 V and 6000 rpm | 50 A at 11.0 V | 70 A at 11.5 V and 7500 rpm | 75 at 11.5 V and 2900 rpm |
| Short circuit test | 7 V at 450 A | 7 V at 510 A | 7.4 V at 480 - 560 A | 4.5 V at 710 |
| Moment (Nm) | 12,5 – 15,0 | 10 | 15,0 – 16,0 | 15 |
| Minimum turn-on voltage (IN) | 7,5 | 8,0 | ||
| Collector diameter (mm): | ||||
| - nominal | 36,0 | 32,8 | 36,0 | 32,8 |
| – minimal | 33,5 | 33,5 | ||
| Brush pressure (H) | 11,5 – 13,5 | 18 – 21 | 18 – 21 | 18 – 21 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 13 | 8 | 13 | 8 (4,5) |
| Axial rotor clearance (mm) | 0,1 – 0,3 | 0,1 – 0,3 | 0,1 – 0,3 | 0,1 – 0,3 |
| Control dimension of the electromagnetic switch (adjustable): | |
| – Bosch EF starter (R) 12V 0.85 kW | 16.0±0.15mm |
| – Bosch GF starter (R) 12V 1,1 PS | 28.5±0.2mm |
EF and GF starter with 4-pole series-excited DC motor. Turns on with an electromagnetic switch. The direction of rotation of the rotor is right-handed when viewed from the side of the drive gear. The drive gear has 10 teeth.
The DW starter has a built-in planetary gear, permanent magnet excitation and is activated by an electromagnetic switch.
Lucas starter
| Type | 5 M 90 or 8 M 90 |
| Minimum collector width | 2.05mm |
| Minimum brush length | 8.0 mm |
| Brush pressure | 8 N |
| Axial rotor clearance | 0.25 mm |
Cajavec and Nippondenso starters
| Brand | Cajavec | Nippondenso |
| Power (kW) | 0,88 | 0,8 |
| Minimum collector diameter (mm) | 32,8 | 28,0 |
| Minimum brush length (mm) | 10,0 | 10,0 |
| Brush pressure (H) | 16 | 12 |
| Axial rotor clearance (mm) | 0,3 | 0,6 |
Windshield wiper
A two-speed windshield wiper with the possibility of intermittent operation and a thermal bimetallic fuse is used. Intermittent wiper operation is controlled by an electronic relay installed in the relay box.
Brand: SWF or Bosch.
Rear window wiper
Brand: Bosch.
Automatically turns on when reverse gear is engaged and the windshield wiper is operating.
Windshield washers
All vehicle models are equipped with an electric windshield washer pump. Most models also have a rear window washer pump with a separate rear-mounted reservoir. When headlight washers are installed, they are equipped with a separate pump that has a larger reservoir than the windshield washer pump.
Tanks should only be filled with water with special detergent additives. In conditions of negative temperatures, use additives with antifreeze properties or add a small amount of methyl alcohol to the water. Do not add coolant from the engine cooling system - this destroys the material of the brushes and body paint.
The windshield and rear washer nozzles are adjusted with a pin inserted into the nozzle. Headlight washer nozzle adjustment requires a special tool (Ford №32 004).
The headlight washer supply hose has a one-way valve. If the valve is defective, the washing liquid will flow out of the tank through the nozzles.
Heated windscreen and rear window
Ghia vehicles have a windshield defroster, which consists of two thin heating elements (delays), placed between two layers of windshield. The windshield heating is switched on only when the engine is running for a period of not more than 4 minutes (turns off automatically). The current consumed by the heater is 30 amperes.
The heated rear window is only activated when the engine is running. The current consumed by the heater is 20 amperes. The relay for turning on the heater is powered from the terminal "61" generator and simultaneously with the heater turns on the heating of the rear-view mirrors.
To clean the inside of the glass, use a soft cloth or chamois leather along the filaments of the heater.
Minor tears in the heater can be repaired with special conductive paint. Follow the manufacturer's instructions when using it.
Lighting
Headlights
Brand: Bosch or Hella.
Light bulbs
Usage | Mount, plinth | Power (Tue) |
| High and low beam headlights H4 | H4 | 55/ 60 |
| High beam headlights H3 (Ghia) | H3 | 55 |
| Front fog lights H3 (Ghia) | H3 | 55 |
| marker light | Glass | 5 |
| Front and rear direction indicators, rear fog lamp and reversing lamp | Bayonet | 21 |
| Rear marker lights and brakes | Bayonet | 5/ 21 |
| Side turn signal | Glass | 5 |
| License plate lighting | Glass | 5 |
| Engine compartment lighting | Bayonet | 10 |
| trunk lighting | Bayonet | 5 |
| Illumination of the open door and curb | Bayonet | 5 |
| Footwell lighting | Glass | 5 |
| Interior lighting | soffitny | 10 |
| reading lamp | Glass | 5 |
| Mirror lighting | soffitny | 3 |
| Glove box lighting | Glass | 3 |
| Ashtray and cigarette lighter lighting | Glass | 1,2 |
| Indicator lamps and instrument panel lighting | Glass | 1,2/ 2,5 |
| Gearbox lighting | Bayonet | 1,2 |
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