Elements of an automatic transmission Ford A 4 LD
1 - oil pan, 2 - oil receiver, 3 - gaskets, 4 - reverse drive, 5 - hydrokinetic control unit, 6 - cover and seals, 7 - forward drive, 8 - medium drive, 9 - vacuum regulator, 10 - acceleration valve, 11 - safety switch, 12 - blocking ratchet and parking lock mechanism, 13 - sealing ring, 14 - rear gearbox housing, 14a - gasket, 15 - latch of the parking lock mechanism, 16 - secondary shaft, 17 - regulator, 18 - Viton O-rings, 19 - regulator hub with parking lock gear, 20 - ring, 21 - middle gearbox housing, 22 - oil pan gasket, 23 - rear clutch, 24 - ring, 25 - brake band, 26 - brake drum, 27 - rear planetary gear, 28 - retaining ring, 28a - gasket, 29 - sun gears, 30 - front planetary gear case, 31 - front planetary gear, 32 - needle bearing, 32a and 33 - rings, 34 - front clutch, 35 - o-rings, 36 - direct multiplate clutch, 37 - thrust washer, 37a - o-rings, 38 - medium planetary gear housing, 39 - thrust gasket, 40 - medium planetary gear, 41 - unidirectional clutch, 41a - needle bearing, 42 - multi-plate clutch, 43 - gasket, 44 - thrust gasket, 45 - oil pump, 45a - sealing rings, 45b - oil pump shaft sealing ring, 46 - oil pump gear, 47 - intermediate plate, 47a - gasket intermediate plate, 48 - hydrokinetic transmission housing, 48a - gasket, 49 - output shaft, 50 - hydrokinetic transmission
Position "R" – parking ("Parking")
In this position, the rear wheels are locked. The automatic transmission is locked with a ratchet that prevents its shafts from rotating. Setting the gear lever to position "R" only possible when the vehicle is stationary.
Position "R" - reverse
Setting the gear lever to position "R" only possible when the vehicle is stationary. Even at very low speeds, it is necessary to stop the car and only then engage reverse gear.
Attention! Do not try to move the gear lever to the position "R" when the vehicle is moving forward and into position "1", "2", "3" or "D" when the vehicle is moving backwards.
Position "N" – neutral position
In this position of the gear lever, the drive is disengaged. A running engine does not move the vehicle. The engine carburetor is equipped with an automatic starter which, once started, maintains the engine at a fast idle while it is warming up.
When shifting the gear lever from position "N" into position "1", "2", "3", "D" or "R" the car tends to move. Therefore, before setting the gear lever to one of these positions, you must press the brake pedal.
Position "D" - automatic gear change when moving forward
When the shift lever is in this position, the vehicle starts in 1st gear, and shifts to 2nd, 3rd and 4th gears occur automatically depending on the speed of the vehicle, as well as the level of throttle opening (accelerator pedal position). Downshifting is also automatic. Pressing the accelerator pedal all the way down and holding it in this position for a short period of time (kick-down) causes, depending on the speed, a shift from 3rd gear to 2nd or from 2nd to 1st, i.e. to a lower gear.
While the engine is warming up, when the engine is running at a high idle speed, the vehicle tends to pull away slowly when the shift lever is in the "1", "2", "3", "D" or "R". This tendency decreases as the engine warms up and the idle speed decreases. Therefore, when the engine is warming up, it is recommended to press the brake pedal or tighten the hand brake lever before setting the gear lever to one of the above positions.
Position "2" – automatic gear change from 1st to 2nd and vice versa
The vehicle starts off in 1st gear and while driving, only 2nd gear is automatically shifted. 3rd gear will not engage. Position "2" it is recommended to use it during long descents from hills, since in this position quite intensive engine braking is possible and, thus, the brakes are protected from excessive heating.
Position "1" - always in 1st gear
The vehicle starts moving in 1st gear and there is no upshifting. Position "1" it is recommended to use when descending steep hills, as in this position, very intense engine braking is possible. Moving the gear lever to position "1" while driving in 3rd gear causes the gear to shift to 2nd. Switching to 1st gear will only occur when the speed drops to 20–40 km/h.
While driving with the gear lever in the position "D" it is possible to install immediately into 1st gear, provided that the vehicle speed is 30–50 km/h. This requires depressing the accelerator pedal all the way.
Using forced gear reduction (kick-down)
Fully depressing the accelerator pedal enables hard acceleration when driving downhill or overtaking (except for the above cases of engine braking). When the gear lever is in the position "D" there is an automatic gear change from high to low gear. The described actions can only be used in the respective vehicle speed range.
Towing
Instructions for towing the vehicle and for vehicles equipped with automatic transmission can be found in subsection 1.18.
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